You might remember that we were planning on releasing HiRISE images to the public on a monthly basis. That plan was delayed by issues with our processing software, hardware and other events. A productive summer working on these issues culminated last week with one of our larger releases of Mars images!  Here are some statistics about our September 2009 release, which includes the images the HiRISE camera took of the Martian surface between Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) orbits 12,600 to 14,199, or roughly April 4 through August 6, 2009:

• 2,996 RDRs, 1 TB
• 42,370 EDRs, 1 TB
• 34,481 RDR Extras, 1.6 TB
• 83,784 EDR Extras, 0.02 TB
• 636 Anaglyphs, 0.01 TB

Totals for this release: 163,631 image products, 3.6 TB

This brings our total released product numbers and data volume to:

• 22,676 RDRs, 12 TB
• 317,120 EDRs, 10.4 TB
• 192,270 RDR Extras, 15.3 TB
• 612,769 EDR Extras, 0.1 TB
• 2,892 Anaglyphs, 0.5 TB

Total: 1,148,363 images, 37.5 TB

In summary, we released nearly 1500 observations, most of those with both black & white and color RDR products. Several newer observations matched up with older observations from a slightly different angle of the same location on the surface, resulting in 636 awesome new anaglyphs. The RDRs are the fully processed, geometrically projected products best for scientific inquiry. If you really want to, though, anyone can download and process HiRISE data from scratch. You can do this using ISIS software, which is publicly available for free download. See the ISIS Web site for download information, processing instructions, and tutorials.

Starting this week, I will be looking over the observations taken August 6 through August 26 before MRO went into safe mode and make sure they are ready for release. We plan to release these images in early October. We are also in the process of reprocessing those Extended Science Phase mission images prior to all the latest processing pipeline fixes and updates.  Once we are satisfied with that data set, we will release them to the public and then start reprocessing the images from the Primary Science Phase…a major project that should keep me and the rest of Downlink busy for several months!

We’re just finishing up four days of having the whole HiRISE team visiting us here in Tucson. It’s been a great team meeting! We had updates on operations, and heard a lot about science results from HiRISE images. Some CRISM and THEMIS team members participated, too, so we got to see what other teams are doing and talk about collaborating and using multiple data sets. People are doing really exciting things with HiRISE data!

Also, our team is really growing!

You’ll notice a lot of new faces compared to a few years ago!

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The raw HiRISE image data needs to be cleaned up, and the HiCal pipeline is where this work is done. Now that the raw image data has been converted to a *.cub file format, ISIS tools can be used. These include hiclean, hipical, and hidestripe.

Hiclean does just what is says. Noise introduced into the image data by spacecraft electronics is corrected. Noise can show up as vertical and horizontal lines in the raw image and other periodic manifestations.

Hipical is a newer tool that performs calibration on the image data. For example, flatfield and gain corrections are performed by hipical. Hipical will be upgraded as we learn more about our instrument in its environment around Mars.

Hidestripe corrects a known striping pattern in HiRISE images.

We use other tools to collect even more statistical data about the newly calibrated image data. The HiCal pipeline will continue to be upgraded as our software matures. New statistics will be collected while corrections are added or improved.

After cleanup has been completed and a new *.hical.cub channel product created, HiCal creates a variety of jpeg browse and thumbnail images. The cleaned up channels are large, and for quick previews, these smaller jpegs come in handy.

Finally, HiCal lets the next pipeline – HiStitch – know that cleaned up channels are ready to be stitched together into CCD products.

Below is an example of raw data, prior to going through the HiCal pipeline. This image sample was taken from TRA_000873_1780; “Victoria Crater” at Meridiani Planum.

Below is the same image sample after going through the HiCal pipeline (notice that the bright vertical line in the center and the faint vertical lines throughout the image have been correctly removed by HiCal):

After a channel of raw data has been downloaded and converted into an *.IMG file, we need one more conversion before cleanup of the image can begin.

The EDR_Stats pipeline creates a *.cub file from the *.IMG file. These cube files are the file type used in ISIS 3.0, an image processing software package provided for planetary science missions by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). This package contains an entire suite of useful tools, many of which are used by our pipelines.

During the creation of a cube, a variety of statistics are gathered. For example, the number of gaps, saturated pixels, calibration pixels, and other pixels are counted. Image mean, standard deviation, and other statistics are also calculated. EDR_Stats takes these results and uploads them to our database. The resulting cube is archived in our storage directory.

The final EDR_Stats pipeline step lets the next pipeline – HiCal – know that an image channel cube file is ready for calibration processing. Let the cleanup of image data begin!

Some of you out there may be asking: what happens to a HiRISE image between the time that it is taken and the time that it is released to the public? Well, I’d like to give a summary here.

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Saturday’s front-page of the Arizona Daily Star featured a good article about HiRISE with a humorous photo of Chris S. shoulder surfing as Anjani P. worked.

This is of course a typical scene as these images are coming down. Someone will be “driving”, so to speak: browsing, “surfing”, zooming, panning, contrast stretching and more, using the amazing image processing tools that our partners at the USGS in Flagstaff have developed. And someone else (or two, or three, or a dozen) will be standing over their shoulders, watching and collaborating. Or in Chris’s case, probably making jokingly snide comments.

But it makes for a world of difference between what you, out there, the public, experience and what we experience. Bridging that gap is a challenge for our public outreach team as the mission continues. We’ve got the benefit of having the brightest minds in planetary geology offering live commentary and analysis using the finest tools and top-of-the-line workstations. The experience of seeing the image is very dynamic; jumping between resolutions, zooming in to dunes and boulders and rocky outcrops, “stretching” the image to pull out detail hidden in dark shadow or blended in on bright surfaces.

I guess what I’m trying to say is that while our excitement is evident from the posts here, communicating exactly why we’re excited is much more difficult. Unless you could be here shoulder surfing….